A new species of Enteromius (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae, Smiliogastrinae) from the Awash River, Ethiopia, and the re-establishment of E. akakianus
Authors:
Gernot K. Englmaier1, Genanaw Tesfaye2, Nina G. Bogutskaya3
1 University of Graz, Institute of Biology, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria 2 National Fisheries and Aquatic Life Research Centre, P.O.Box: 64, Sebeta, Ethiopia 3 Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria
January 2020 ZooKeys 902(2):95-138 DOI:10.3897/zookeys.902.39606 LicenseCC BY
Figure 6. General appearance of Enteromius yardiensis sp. nov. A holotype, BMNH 2019.10.10.1, side channel of Awash R. at Kada Bada (site 2), 40.2 mm SL, Te Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London B longest paratype, NMW 99642, Lake Gamari (site 5), 52.8 mm SL.
Abstract
In the present study, populations of small-sized smiliogastrin barbs with a thickened and serrated last simple dorsal-fn ray distributed in the Main Ethiopian Rift were analysed. An integrated approach com- bining genetic markers and a variety of morphological methods based on a wide set of characters, includ- ing osteology and sensory canals, proved to be very productive for taxonomy in this group of fshes. Te results showed that Ethiopian Enteromius species with a serrated dorsal-fn ray are distant from the true E. paludinosus (with E. longicauda as a synonym) and the so-called E. paludinosus complex involves several supposedly valid species with two distinct species occurring in the Main Ethiopian Rift area. A new species, Enteromius yardiensis sp. nov., is described from the Afar Depression in the north-eastern part of the Northern Main Ethiopian Rift. Enteromius akakianus is resurrected as a valid species includ- ing populations from the Central Main Ethiopian Rift (basins of lakes Langano, Ziway, and Awasa). No genetic data were available for E. akakianus from its type locality. Enteromius yardiensis sp. nov. is clearly distant from E. akakianus from the Central Main Ethiopian Rift by CO1 and cytb barcodes: pairwise distances between the new species and the Ethiopian congeners were 5.4 % to 11.0 %. Morphologically, the new species most clearly difers from all examined Ethiopian congeners by three specialisations which are unique in the group: the absence of the anterior barbel, the absence of the medial branch of the su- praorbital sensory canal, and few, 1–3, commonly two, scale rows between the lateral line and the anus.
Figure 1. Map of Ethiopia, presenting sampling sites and examined material. Sampling sites: 1–13 Main Ethiopian Rift (1–5 Lower Awash R., distribution of Enteromius yardiensis sp. nov.; 6–12 lakes and rivers in Central Main Ethiopian Rift; 13 Akaki R., type locality of E. akakianus); 14–15 Blue Nile drainage, type locality of E. pleurogramma. In blue, known populations of small-sized E. paludinosus-like smiliogas- trin barbs in Ethiopia. Locations in southern Africa included in CO1 and cytb analyses in red, green, and purple. Distribution data for Ethiopian populations from Golubtsov and Berendzen (2005).
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